Amabandla Amakristu kaNakulunkulu

 

No. 150

 

 

Izinkonzo Ezingcwele ZeSonto

(Uhlelo 4.0 19951216-20011118-20070723-20100116)

Izinkolo eziningi zithi zinegunya ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zokuphila komuntu, nokuthi amalungu kumele ahilele isonto kule misebenzi ukuze zibe semthethweni. Leli phepha lihlola izimangalo zamaSakramente womshado, amaRites Okugcina (i-Extreme Unction), i-Eucharist (iKomuni Engcwele), uMbhapathizo kanye neSidlo seNkosi, futhi liphetha ngokuthi kuphela ezimbili ezigunyazwe eTestamenteni Elisha.

 

 

Amabandla Amakristu kaNakulunkulu

Ibhokisi leposi 369, WODEN ACT 2606, AUSTRALIA

Imeyili: secretary@ccg.org

(Ilungelo lobunikazi © 1995, 2001, 2007, 2010 Wade Cox)

(tr. 2026)

Leli phepha lingakopishwa futhi lisatshalaliswe ngokukhululekile inqobo nje uma likopishwa lonke ngaphandle kokuguqulwa noma ukususwa. Igama nomkhombandlela womshicileli kanye nesaziso samalungelo obunikazi kumele kufakwe. Akukho mali ekhokhwayo kubamukeli bamakhophi asatshalaliswayo. Izisho ezimfushane zingafakwa ezindatshaneni zokugxeka nasezibuyekezweni ngaphandle kokwephula ilungelo lobunikazi.

Leli phepha litholakala ekhasini le-World Wide Web:

http://www.logon.org kanye no-http://www.ccg.org

Izinkonzo Engcwele ZeSonto

Umbuzo oyisisekelo obhekene nomKristu ngamunye uwukuthi yiziphi izinkonzo ezingcwele. Ubukholwa obu-Orthodox besimanje buhlanganisa izinkonzo ezingcwele eziningi. Isibonelo, iSonto lamaKatolika, ngezindlela zalo ezihlukene ezifana ne-Anglican, iRoma noma i-Orthodox, linombono wezinkonzo ezingcwele ogcina amandla phezu kwezingxenye zokuphila komuntu ezifuna ukuvumelanisa izimfundiso zeTestamente Elisha nokuphila komndeni ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo salo, futhi ligcina amandla phezu kwezinye izinkolo eziphikisanayo.

Lokhu kulawulwa kwenziwa ngokudlulisela imisebenzi ebalulekile ezingeni lesakramente. Le misebenzi iveza izisho ezifana neZakramente Zomshado, Imikhuba Yokugcina, i-Eucharist nokunye okunjalo. Lezi zimangalo ziwela ezizathu eziningi futhi zixhomeke ezintweni eziningi ezingekho eBhayibhelini eziyizimfundiso zenkolo ukuze ziqhubeke.

Umtshado

Ukuqagela kokuqala okungekho eBhayibhelini kwenziwa mayelana neSakramente yoMtshado. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi umshado uyinhlangano engcwele, kodwa akulona iqiniso ukuthi umshado uyisakramente seBandla futhi wumsebenzi waso sodwa. IBhayibheli licacile ukuthi umshado ukhona ngokuzimela eBandleni.

Isiphakamiso sokuthi imishado eyenziwe ngaphandle kweBandla elithile ayivumelekile emehlweni kaNkulunkulu noJesu Kristu kungamanga ngokuphelele. Ibandla LamaRoma Katolika libamba umbono wokuthi, ngezinhloso zemfundiso, noma yimuphi umshado owenzeka nomuntu ongengowamaRoma Katolika ungaphikiswa futhi abantu abathintekayo bakhululeke ukushada ngaphakathi kwelo Bandla. Lokhu kubhekwa njengemfundiso ebalulekile. Imfundiso yomshado isebenza eTestamenteni Elisha, kodwa akusikho ngoba iSakramente Lomshado igcinwe ebandleni nhlobo. Isizathu ukuthi imfundiso yomshado nokuhlukana ikhona ngaphandle kweSonto. Ukuhlukana kuyinto evunyelwe ezizweni nase-Israyeli ngaphansi koMthetho ngaphandle komshado phakathi kweSonto. Okubalulekile ngaphansi koMthetho wukuthi imvume yabazali iyadingeka ukuze umshado ube ngcwele. Yilokho kuphela okubhekwayo eBhayibhelini ekugcweliseni umshado. Umshado uyamukeleka emehlweni kaNkulunkulu uma abazali bevuma. Ngaphansi koMthetho kaMose, uma bengavumi akusebenzi. Lena yiyo kuphela imingcele. Uma abashadayo sebephakathi eminyakeni esemthethweni, ukunganaki ukunikeza imvume kuba enye indaba. Lokhu kuthathwe ku-Eksodus 22:16-17. Lo Mthetho uwukuvikela owesifazane.

Umkhosi kumele uqinisekiswe izifakazi, njengoba sibona kuRuthe 4:1-11 naseIsaya 8:1-3. Akukho ndawo eBhalweni eyalela ukuthi umshado ufanele ukuvunywa yiSonto noma abefundisi. Lokho kuwumfundiso wamaNikolayithi futhi lapho umpristi ebusa impilo yomndeni nokuhlelwa komndeni.

Ukuzibophezela komshado kuwumshado ongaphelele (Mat. 1:18; Lk. 1:27). UJosefa wayezoya emshiya uMariya ngoba wayekhulelwe kodwa wayengafuni ukwenza kanjalo. Wayethembiswe umshado futhi lokho kuwumshado cishe. Lokhu kumelela umshado kaNkulunkulu no-Israyeli futhi kunencazelo engokomoya. Kwenziwa ngoMoya (Hezeki-eli 16:8). Kuyisicelo sokomoya sobudlelwano bomzimba. Lokho kuyisisekelo somshado, ukuba nobunye bokomoya futhi.

Ukungashadi kugxekwa eBhayibhelini, njengoba kubonakala ku-Abaahluleli 11:38, Isaya 4:1 noJeremiya 16:9, kodwa kwamukelwa nguPhawuli ku-1 Korinte 7:7-8,24-40. Kunezizathu eziningi zokwenza lokhu, ngenxa yezindlela zokuziphatha zesikhathi nalokho okudingwa yiSonto, okuxoxwa ngakho ngendlela efanele embhalweni othi Umshado (No. 289). UPhawuli wayengakhulumi eMoyeni futhi wayengaholwa nguMoya oNgcwele ukusho lokho. Wathi lokhu kwakuyindlela evamile ngaleso sikhathi yokubhujiswa kobulili kwabafana abancane, kwenza babe ama-eunuchi. Kwakukhona ama-eunuchi amaningi ebandleni futhi babebhekwa phansi. Ngakho-ke uPhawuli kwadingeka aqinisekise isikhundla sabo futhi abanike isikhundla emphakathini ukuze bakwazi ukuzilungiselela uMbuso kaNkulunkulu. Ngakho-ke uPhawuli wayebhekana nodaba lwengqondo.

Lokhu kwabanika ithuba lokuzinikela kuNkulunkulu nokuba nesikhundla emphakathini, esasingaba ngokulingana nalabo ababengabazali. Kwakukhona ama-eunuchi abesilisa abagawulwe ukuze bangakwazi ukuzala, futhi kwakukhona ama-eunuchi abesifazane abangakwazanga ukuzala. Bobabili babedinga ukuba nesikhundla esifanayo ebandleni, futhi uPhawuli wabanika lokho ku-1 Abakhorinte 7.

Isimo sikaKristu mayelana nokuvumeleka komshado sibonakala ngokusobala enkulumweni yakhe enkosikazini yaseSamariya kuJohane 4:16-18.

Johane 4:16-18 UJesu wathi kuyo, Hamba, memeza umyeni wakho, ubuye lapha. 17 Inkosikazi yaphendula yathi, Anginayo umyeni. UJesu wathi kuye, Ukhulume kahle lapho uthi, Anginayo indoda: 18 Ngokuba waba nezindoda ezinhlanu; lowo okhona manje akayena umyeni wakho: kulokho wakhuluma iqiniso. (KJV)

UKristu wayevivinya ubuqotho bakhe futhi ebhekana nokuvumeleka kokuhlala kwakhe ndawonye. Wayezokwethula imfundiso ngomshado. Lo mbhalo uyimfundiso yomshado evela emlonyeni kaJesu Kristu.

Kukhona izinto eziningana eziphuma kulesi sihloko. UKristu wamukela uSamaritan njengomunye wabantu bezizwe; wamukela umshado njengesikhungo esisemthethweni phakathi kwezizwe; futhi wamukela ukuhlukana njengokuvumelekile ngoba akazange aphikise noma yimuphi womyeni abahlanu. Okubaluleke kakhulu, wanqaba ngokuphelele umshado wangempela ngoba wanqaba iqiniso lokuthi indoda ayehlala nayo yayingumyeni wakhe. Ngakho-ke, uKristu wasungula umshado njengesikhungo futhi wanqaba isono sokuhlala ndawonye njengokuqinisekiswa komshado. Akazange abuze ngobuqotho bomshado ngaphandle kwe-Israyeli.

AmaSamarita nawo ayehlanganisa amaHhayi. Abeyihlanganiswe ngamaKhuthi namaMedi (avela engxenyeni yoMbuso wasePheresiya), abathathelwa indawo lapho i-Israyeli idutshulwa khona. Babekhona lapho ngaphansi kukaShalmanasari, mhlawumbe nehlalakahle encane yama-Israyeli eyayikhona lapho.Ngakho-ke, kuleli sitatimende elilula kucacisiwe yonke imfundiso yeBhayibheli yomshado evela emlonyeni kaKristu. IBandla bekufanele likuqonde lokho ngokusobala kodwa alizange likuqonde. Lapha sibona ukuthi umshado phakathi kwezizwe wawuvumelekile njengokwahlukana komshado, kodwa ubudlelwano bokuhlala ndawonye bengamukelwa.

Izibopho zomshado ziphansi kwesibopho kuNkulunkulu, njengoba sibona kuDuteronomi 13:6-10. Ngamafuphi nje, uma umlingani wesithandani wayengumkhonzi wezithombe, lowo muntu kwakudingeka abulwe. Lowo kwakuyiMthetho.

Leyo nqubo iqiniswa kuMathewu 19:29 naseLukasi 14:26 ngakho-ke umshado awunakubopha ngemva kokufa (Mat. 22:29-30; Mk. 12:24-25). Umkhuba wamaMormon womshado ongunaphakade uphikisana kakhulu namazwi acacile kaJesu Kristu. Ubudlelwano bomshado buyaphela ekufeni, ngakho-ke iSonto alikwazi ukungenelela noma ekuphileni noma ekufeni esungulweni somshado. Ngakho-ke iSonto elizama ukuzithathela leli lungelo lenza kanjalo ngokungalungile.

Ukuze sibonise umqondo wobungcwele besungulo somshado, sidinga ukubheka izibonelo ezintathu kuphela. Eyokuqala ngu-Adamu no-Eva.\

Genesise 2:23-24  Wathi u-Adamu: 'Lona manje ithambo lamathambo ami, nenyama yenyama yami; uyobizwa ngokuthi umfazi, ngoba ethathwe kumuntu.' 24 Ngakho-ke indoda izoshiya uyise nonina, ibambane nomkayo; babe nyama-nyama eyodwa. (KJV)

Uhlelo lomshado lwasungulwa no-Adamu. Lesi simiso sitholakala sisebenza kuwo wonke amazwe ngesikhathi sika-Abrahama njengoba sibona ezifakazelweni zikaFaro noSara (Genesise 12:11-20). Akukho okungabazeka ukuthi umthetho womshado wawukhona ngaphambi koMthetho nangaphambi kweSonto; okusho ngaphambi kokunikezwa koMthetho kuMose. Wawukhona ku-Abrahama futhi nakuFaro; futhi uFaro waqonda umshado njengaye u-Abrahama.

Isibonelo esilandelayo ngu-Abimeleki noSara (Genesise 20:1-18). U-Abimeleki wayengakathathi uSara wabe esehlala naye, kodwa uNkulunkulu wamxwayisa ukuthi lowo wayengumkakhe omunye umuntu. UPharao wabuyisela ku-Abrahama izimvu eziningi nezimpahla ngenxa yokuthatha uSara, yize wayedukiswe. Kwakuyisibopho sakhe ukuthola ukuthi ngabe kwakukhona okwaphazamisa lomshado, kodwa akazange akwenze; wathatha nje umkakhe u-Abrahama. Akekho umuntu okufanele asabe inkosi maqondana nesungulo somshado.

Lesi simiso saphinde sagcinwa eMthethweni kaMose ngenqubo yokuthembisa umshado nomshado uqobo (Eks. 22:16-17) . Imikhawulo emshadweni imayelana nezakhamuzi, ngokwefa kwamazwe nezizwe (Num. 36:8).

Lokhu kuhlobene nombuzo wokugcina izindawo ngaphakathi kwezizwe ngaphansi kohlelo lweJubili. Uhlelo lonke loMthetho lwakhiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho sizwe (ibanga) esishiya singenamhlaba. Abantu abanefa kumele bashade nomunye webanga likababa ukuze umhlaba ungadluli ekubanjweni kwalelo banga.

 Yingakho akekho isizwe esingathenga izindawo zase-Israyeli; akukho bulo obungathenga izindawo zobulunye ukuze zisuswe ngokwefa ngomshado. Ngakho-ke imikhiqizo yomhlaba ingathengiswa iminyaka ethile kodwa umhlaba ubuyela ebuzweni ngesikhathi seJubili.

Ngakho-ke izizwe zinekhono elisemthethweni lokushada elingaphambi kweSonto futhi elizimele kulo. Akugwemeki ngokuphelele eBhayibhelini ukuthi umshado wawuyisungulo esamiswa nguNkulunkulu, esingaphambi kweSonto futhi esihlanganisa zonke izizwe ngaphansi kwemithetho kaNkulunkulu. Ngakho-ke iSonto alikwazi ukuzigcinela lona ilungelo lomshado. Alikwazi ukusho ukuthi imishado engaphandle kweSonto ayivumelekile. Zicabange ukudideka okukhulu; akukho malungelo noma inhlonipho ngaphansi komthetho. Konke umbuzo wokulandela kombuso nokuba semthethweni kokuthola ifa kuphuma kule ntiyo. Ngakho-ke umshado akuyona inkonzo noma isakramente seBandla futhi akuyona into iBandla elingayinikeza yodwa.

Izinkonzo Zokugcina (Ukuthola Oli Olukhethekile)

Uhlelo esilwazi njengeZinkonzo Zokugcina yimfundiso engaveli eBhayibhelini ethathwe emcabangweni wokuthi iSonto lingalawula umphefumulo womuntu ngemva kokufa. ISonto, vele, alinamandla anjalo njengoba amagama abo abhalwe ezulwini abhalwe khona nje – ezulwini. Ukuvuka kwabafileyo kuhlukaniswe kube izigaba ezimbili: Ukuvuka Kokuqala nokwesibili. Ukuvuka Kokuqala kuqukethe labo abavukisiwe abachazwe ku-IsAmbulo 20:4-6. Laba ngabangcwele abazwile imiyalo kaNkulunkulu nokholo noma ubufakazi bukaMesiya, okungukuthi uJesu Kristu (IsAmbulo 12:17; 14:12; 22:14 (bheka ikakhulukazi i-KJV)) . Ukuvuka kokuqala kuqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili, okungukuthi abangu-144,000 (IsAmb. 7:2-8) kanye Nezixuku Ezinkulu (IsAmb. 7:9). Laba bantu ngokusobala bangemimoya (abavukile kwabafileyo) ngoba akekho umuntu ongambona uNkulunkulu. Akwenzeki ngokomzimba ukubona uNkulunkulu. BayiZixuku Ezinkulu ezimi nabangu-144,000 ezungeze Isihlalo sobukhosi sikaNkulunkulu. Zonke ezinye izidalwa zinikezwe ukuvuka kwesibili kwabafileyo (IsAmb. 20:7-15).

Ibandla alinamandla kule nqubo ngaphandle kokwenza kucace kubantu isimo sokoni lapho kungenzeka ukuthi bayaphila kuso. Ibandla lizama ukwenza inzuzo ngalokhu ngokuthi abantu abathile basePurgatory. Imfundiso yePurgatory ivela ezinkolweni zamaPhaganini kodwa ivele emibhalweni ye-apocrypha. Kukhona okuthile okufana nombono wePurgatori lapho, kodwa akunanto yakwenza neBhayibheli. Umqondo wonke wokuba namandla okunikeza umuntu Izinkonzo Zokugcina uthi: "Ngesibusiso seSonto, indodana yami, ungene endaweni ethile." Akukho sisekelo seBhayibheli salokho.

uPhawuli wenza lokhu ku-1 Korinte 5:5 ukuze lowo muntu asindiswe. Umqondo lapha kwakuwukubeka umuntu ngaphandle kweSonto ukuze bazi ukuthi isono sabo sibabeke ngaphandle koMzimba kaJesu Kristu nokuthi ngeke babe ekuvukeni kokuqala. Ngakho-ke lokhu kwenziwa kumuntu owayehlala nomkakhe uyise futhi kuyisibonelo esiyinhloko semfundiso yezizwe ezabizwa ebandleni laseKorinte.

Akubonakali sengathi uyise wayeshadile ngesikhathi eyilungu leSonto eKorinte. Wafa, kwathi-ke indodana yakhe yathatha unkosikazi kayise futhi yalala naye. UPawulu wathi ngisho nezizwe azizange zenze lokho. AbaseKorinte bacabanga ukuthi kwakuyinto enhle ayeyenza, kodwa uPawulu wathi lokhu kwakumelene ngokuphelele noMthetho. Bammkhipha ebandleni ukuze athole ukuqwashisa ngesono sakhe. Ibanga alinamandla okumsusa ekuvukeni kokuqala; wasuswa ngenxa yesono sakhe, esasiyiphulwa koMthetho.

Kubonakala sengathi lowo owenza izenzo zocansi wazisola wabuyela ebandleni. Nokho, ibandla alinamandla okuvumela noma ukulawula umuntu ngesikhathi sokufa ukuthi angene kunoma yisiphi isimo ngemva kokufa. NjengamaKristu, siyazi ukuthi akukho ukuphila okwaziwayo ngemva kokufa. Umqondo wokuthi imiphefumulo iya ezulwini wawuyifundiso lamaGnostic namaqembu ezinkolo eziyimfihlakalo. UJustin Martyr wayekholelwa ukuthi lolu hlukaniso kwakuyindlela esingahlukanisa ngayo amaKristu nabangewona amaKristu (Justin Martyr, Ingxoxo noTrypho, isahluko 80; bheka futhi iphepha Elivukela Kwabafileyo (No. 143)).

Imfundiso Ngomphefumulo yaba yingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwama-Orthodox naphezu kobufakazi beBhayibheli, ngoba yayingasetshenziswa ukulawula umuntu ngamunye yiSonto ngezizathu zamandla ezingaphandle kombuso. Inhloso yamabandla ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukusebenzisa amandla aphezu kwemingcele yamazwe; futhi kusekuyinhloso yabo nanamuhla. Kukhona impi yamandla eqhubekayo njengamanje phakathi kweSonto LamaKatolika LaseRoma, iNew World Order, nohlelo lwaseYurophu lokulawula umhlaba. AmaKhomanisi ayengxenye yalelo hlelo futhi amaShayina manje angena kuleso singxabano. Wona ne-Asia bazongena kulesi singxabano sokulawula umhlaba ngaphansi kwalelo hlelo. ICawa YamaKatolika yaseRoma izama ukusebenzisa inani layo laba ngumandla ophambili, kodwa njengoba sazi encwadini yeSambulo, izolahlekelwa futhi abantu abaningi bazolimala kule nqubo.

Ibandla likaNkulunkulu alilawuli isimo somuntu ngemva kokufa. Umbuzo wokususwa kwesono ngokuvuma nokuxolelwa uhlobene kuphela nobhapathizo nokuziphendukela. Uxolelo oluqhubekayo lwesono luyindaba phakathi komuntu noNkulunkulu ngomnikazi wakhe othethwe, uJesu Kristu. Inhloko yomuntu wonke nguKristu, inhloko kaKristu nguNkulunkulu (1 Kor. 11:3).

Ibandla alikwazi ukuxolela umuntu kunoma yiluphi isono. Lena yimfundiso yeSonto lamaKatolika futhi yangena emabandleni kaNkulunkulu ngekhulu lama-20 e-United States of America. Umbono wukuthi ibandla lingethula umthetho, noma isinqumo sokuphatha, esingaxolela umuntu ezibopheni ezibhalwe kumuntu obhapathiziwe ngaphansi kweTestamente Elidala neTestamente Elisha. Ibandla alikwazi ukwenza lokho. Sibophekile ngqo kuJesu Kristu ngobudlelwano bethu noNkulunkulu ngaphansi koMthetho, futhi siyoma noma siwile ekuvukeni kokuqala ngenxa yobudlelwano bethu noJesu Kristu futhi ngalobu budlelwano kuphela. Asikwazi ukuba nobudlelwano noJesu Kristu ngaphandle kokuthi uNkulunkulu uBaba abe ngaphezu kwakho konke. UNkulunkulu oyedwa wangempela uyinto nenhliziyo yokukhonza kwethu. Isidingo esiyisisekelo sokuba nobudlelwano noJesu Kristu wukuthi sibizwe nguNkulunkulu uBaba.

Imikhuba Yokugcina, noma i-Extreme Unction noma ukungcwaba, akuyona izakramente zeSonto. Azigcinelwe iSonto futhi azinqumi ukuthi kwenzekani kumuntu ngemuva kokufa. UMozisi akazange angcwatywe ngezandla zabantu. Akazange athole ukungcwaba, kodwa uMozisi uzoba ekuvukeni kokuqala. UMozisi waphambi kweSonto leTestamente Elisha cishe iminyaka engu-1,300. U-Abrahama naye waphambi kweSonto futhi uzoba ekuvukeni kokuqala. Akazange angcwatywe ngumpristi weSonto ngaphandle kwezingane zakhe. Ngakho-ke, ukungcwaba kuyisibopho salabo ababeka umzimba ukuze uphumule ngenhlonipho.

Umuntu akadingi ukuba yilungu leSonto elithile noma abe ngumpristi ukuze angcwabe noma ubani. Kuyisibopho sikahulumeni ngezizathu zezempilo kanye nokuhlonipha umuntu okukhulunywa ngaye, okuvezwa yiqembu ngokubeka umzimba emhlabathini. I-nephesh (umoya) elawula umzimba ibuyela kuNkulunkulu owayinike (Umhlahlandlela 12:7). IBhayibheli lithi abafileyo abazi lutho (Umhlahlandlela 9:5). ICawa ayinakuzibiza umkhuba wokungcwaba njengowayo, noma ngalowo mkhuba wokungcwaba umuntu ukudlulisa noma yiluphi isikhundla kulowo muntu.

I-Eucharist

Imfundiso ye-Eucharist noma iSidlo esingcwele isekelwe emfundisweni yebandla yokuthi iSakramente seSidlo seNkosi singadluliselwa kusuka emkhosini wonyaka wePhasika siye enkonzweni yeviki ngayinye. Lokhu kusekelwe ekudidekeni komcimbi weSidlo seNkosi nokudla iShewbread okwakuyisibopho esigodliwe kumaLevi. Kuyimizamo yokusungula imfundiso yamaNikolayithi nohlelo lwamaLevi ngaphakathi kweSonto lamaKristu.

Isinkwa Sokubonisa, esibizwa ngokuthi Isinkwa Esingcwele, (1 Samuweli 21:6) sasinenhloso ethile. Lo mthetho utholakala kuLevitikus 24:5-9.

Levitikus 24:5-9 Futhi uzothatha ufulawa ohlanzekile, ubhake ngakho amakhekhe ayishumi nambili; ingxenye yesishiyagalombili yomthamo kuzoba ekhekheni ngalinye. 6 Futhi uzowabeka emigqeni emibili, izigaba eziyisithupha emgqeni ngamunye, etafuleni elihlanzekile phambi kweNkosi. 7 Futhi uzofaka imphepho ehlanzekile emgqeni ngamunye, ukuze kube sesinkweni njengesikhumbuzo, ngisho nokunikela ngomlilo eNkosini. 8 Njalo ngoSabatha uyoyibeka ngokulandelana phambi kweNkosi njalo, ithathwe ezinganeni zaka-Israyeli ngenkontileka yaphakade. 9 Futhi kuyoba kuka-Aroni nabantwana bakhe; bayidle endaweni engcwele: ngokuba ingcwele kakhulu kuye kwezipho zikaJehova ezinikelwa ngomlilo ngomthetho ongunaphakade. (KJV)

Abantwana baka-Israyeli babenomthetho wokuhlinzeka ngesidlo seMafutha Okukhombisa kodwa iMafutha Okukhombisa yayigcinelwe abapristi. Kwakuyizinkwa eziyisithupha kolunye uhlangothi neziyisithupha kolunye – izinkwa eziyishumi nambili zizonke. Zazimelela izizwe zaka-Israyeli futhi zazibheke phambili emsebenzini weSonto.

Lo mthetho uhlotshaniswa nosuku lweSabatha noma uMgqibelo. Yabekwa etafuleni leMana (Eks. 40:22-23). Umthetho wokuqala wawuhlobene Nethabernakele, nalo lelo tafula nelelo sikhanyisi. Ithempeli likaSolomoni lalinezikhanyisi eziyishumi, ngayinye inetafula layo.

IMana yayigcinwa phambi kweNkosi njalo (Eks. 25:29-30; 2 IziKronike 2:4).

I-Eksoda 25:29-30 Wena wenze izitsha zayo, nezipuni zayo, nezimbozo zayo, namabhodwe ayo, ukuze kugqokwe ngazo; uzokwenza konke ngogolide olumsulwa. 30 Futhi uzobeka etafuleni isinkwa esibonakalayo phambi kwami njalo. (KJV)

I-Shewbread yayibalulekile kakhulu futhi ingcwele. Yayixhunyaniswa neSabatha. Asinakuba nomkhosi lapho sidla ama-wafer ngeSonto bese sithi kunento yokwenza nemiyalo yeBhayibheli. Futhi, asinakusebenzisa i-Shewbread ngaphandle kwezizathu ezichaziwe.

I-Shewbread yayihlinzekwa ngentela yonyaka ebhekiselwe kumuntu ngamunye, njengoba sibona kuNehemia 10:32-33. Yayilungiselelwa amaLevi (1 IziKronike 9:32; 23:29). Asikwazi nje ukuyithenga, noma ukuvumela noma ubani ngaphandle kwamaLevi ukuyilungisa. Kwakhomba uhlelo lukaMelkisedeki oluthatha umsebenzi wobuphristi ebandleni, njengoba sibona kuDavide. Isidlo seNkosi somnyaka sonke kwakuyisikhathi somkhosi esagcina lesi sihloko.

Indawo yaso eThabernakeleni ilawulwa yi-Eksoda 26:35 no 40:22. Ifenisha nayo itholakala ku-Eksoda 37:16 noNumeri 4:7. Inqubo yokugcoba itafula leMana itholakala ku-Eksoda 30:26-29.

Eksoda 30:26-29 Futhi uzogcoba itende lomhlangano ngakho, kanye ne-Arkhi yobufakazi, 27 Netafula nazo zonke izitsha zalo, nesibani nezitsha zalo, nesiqhumiso, 28 nethempeli lokushisela imihlatshelo nazo zonke izitsha zalo, nethawula lokugeza nezinyawo zalo. 29 Uzobazisa bona ukuze babe ngcwele kakhulu; noma yini ethinta bona izoba ngcwele. (KJV)

Lona umqondo othakazelisayo. Yinto engcwele yodwa ekwazi ukwenza engcwele lokho okungcolile. Kukhona iZibhalo ebuzayo, "Uma engcwele ithinta into engcolile, ingabe nayo izoba ngcwele?" Impendulo ithi "Cha", ngaphandle kwalezi zinto eNdlini Yesivumelwano. Ukususwa kwetafula leMani Yobisi kutholakala kuNumeri 4:7,15. Akekho owawungathinta lezi zinto ngaphandle kokubhekana nesigwebo sokufa. KwakunguLevayithi kuphela owawungazithinta. UDavide wadla iShewbread ngokungekho emthethweni (1 Samuweli 21:6; Mathewu 12:3-4; Makho 2:25-26; Luka 6:3-4). Kungani uDavide evunyelwe ukuyidla? Ngoba kwakubhekisela kwenye into eyayizodliwa ngabantu abangewona amaLevayithi.

Abapristi ngaleyo ndlela badla iShewbread kanye nezinto eziyisishiyagalombili zonke. Umbhalo kuLevitikus 7:9 ubhekisela ezinikweni zenyama (ngesiHebheru, minhah) eziphinde zibe zezabapristi ukuzidla, ngaphandle kwengxenye yesikhumbuzo (Lev. 2:4-10). UPawulu usebenzisa le mibono (bheka 1 Kor. 9:13-14), futhi lo mqondo waba isisekelo sikaGalathiya 6:6.

Ngamanye amazwi, uthisha usekelwa ngalokho okufundiswayo kuzo zonke izinto ezinhle; futhi kwakuyisikhumbuzo sesidingo sokuthi ingxenye yamaLevi inikezwe abapristi. Abantu abathi uPhawuli wayekhipha uMthetho eGalathiya abakuqondi iGalathiya. Wayekhuluma ngenye into ngokuphelele. Bheka iphepha The Works of the Law Text – noma i-MMT (No. 104).

Le mibono yayihlotshaniswa futhi nesakhiwo seminikelo yeNdebe esiyibona sithi:

            1. Izidli ezitshiswayo (Lev. 1:3-17);

            2. Izidlo zomgubo (Lev. 2:1-16);

            3. Izidli zokuthula (Lev. 3:1-17);            4. Iminikelo Yesono (Lev. 4:1 kuya ku 6:7).

Umthetho Weziminikelo wabekwa ngokulandelana:

1.      Iminikelo Yokutshiswa (Lev. 6:8-13);

2.      Iminikelo Yengano (Lev. 6:14-23);

3.      Iminikelo Yesono (Lev. 6:24 kuya ku 7:10);          

4.      Iminikelo Yokuthula (Levitikus 7:11-34).

Lolu hlelo lwatholakala ekuhlukanisweni kwemisebenzi phakathi kwabapristi nabantu abavamile, okwawuyingxenye yokwehlukaniswa okwakubonakala eMthethweni. Akuyona ingqikithi yeTestamente Elisha. UKristu wasusa lowo mehluko. Kukhomba indima yeSonto ekuhlanjululweni kobuzwe.

Lolu hlukaniso phakathi kwabapristi nabantu abavamile lwaphinde lwaba isisekelo semfundiso yamaNikolayithi, eyayiyindlela yokubusa ngokwahlukanisa nokuhlukumeza, futhi yayimelela ulwazi lweqembu elilodwa ngaphezu kwelelinye; okusho ukuthi iGnosis eyayitholakala ngokwanda kolwazi namandla kwakudala uhlobo lwabapristi nabangewona abapristi.

Isivumelwano Esidala samisa imithetho yabantu kuLevitikus 3:1-17 ephathelene noMthetho Wokunikela Nokuzinikela. Imiyalelo ethile nezinzulu yanikezwa abapristi, ngaphezu kwaleyo eyayinikezwe abantu (bona Levitikus 3:1-15). Lokhu kwakunjalo kuMthetho Wokunikela Ngokwephula Isono (Levitikus 6:24-30; bona 4:24-31) nakuMthetho Wokunikela Ngokwephula Umthetho (Levitikus 7:1-10; bona 5:1-13).

Sibona kusukela esakhiweni esingenhla ukuthi iNikelelo Yokuthula iza ngaphambi kweNikelelo Yesono, kodwa uMthetho Wezinikelo ubeka iNikelelo Yokuthula ekugcineni. Umehluko wenziwa ngoba uhlobene nobudlelwano bomnikeli, futhi lokhu kulandela ekupheleni kwenqubo. Ngakho-ke, ubudlelwano bubonakala bumela inqubo ephuma "ekwazini ngokuphelele konke okulotshwa izithonjana." Akusikho kuze siphothule ngesono sethu nathi uqobo esingajabula kuKristu" (Companion Bible, fn. kuLev. 7:11). Le ncazelo esezansi kwesigaba isitshela izinto ezimbili: babheke kuShewbread nohlelo lwezihlengo ukuze luhambisane nobudlelwano; futhi baqonda inqubo yokubaluleka kokulandelana kwezihlengo maqondana nobudlelwano bomuntu nomuntu nokuxolelaniswa komnikeli. Akukho okungabazeki ukuthi sonke sikhuluma ngento efanayo.

Ngakho-ke yonke inqubo yokunikela yayibikezela uKristu neSonto elikhethiwe njenge-naos noma iNgcwele Yezingcwele eThempelini likaNkulunkulu (1 Korinte 3:16). Isifanekiso sokususwa kwesono eMkhosini wePhasika naseSinkwa Esingenamvubelo sichazwe nguPhawuli ku-1 Abakhorinte 5:7-9.

1 Abakhorinte 5:7-9 Hlanzani umvubelo omdala ukuze nibe umquba omusha, njengoba ngempela ningamavubelo. Ngokuba uKristu, isimbithi sethu sePasika, wabethelwa. 8 Ngakho-ke masigubhe umkhosi, hhayi ngomvubkelo wakudala, umvubkelo wobubi nobungcolile, kodwa ngesinkwa esingenamvubkelo sobuqotho neqiniso. (RSV)

UPawulu wayesebenzisa amaKorinte njengesibonelo sesono okwakumele sincishwe ebandleni. Le nqubo yayiyindlela yokuzilungiselela iPasika. Yaqala ngokuthatha Isidlo seNkosi. UPhawuli wagxeka ukuziphatha kwabo ngesikhathi sePhasika. Babedakwa futhi benza amaqembu okuzijabulisa. Wabatshela ukuthi abakufanele badle noma baphuze ngenkathi bethatha Isidlo seNkosi. Kungumhlangano onzima. Nokho, yonke imikhosi igcwele injabulo nenjabulo. Kumele sidle ngaphandle kwegumbi lapho sithatha khona Isidlo seNkosi. "Ukuphila njengomKorinte" kwakuyisisho sangaleso sikhathi, okusho ukuthi lowo muntu wayephila impilo yokunethezeka ngokweqile.

Kwakukhona izithengisa ezingama-1 000 ethempelini lika-Artemis eKorinte kuphela, futhi uhlaka lwalunjalo ukuthi kwakudingeka basuse zonke izono ezimpilweni zabo ngesikhathi sokulungiselela iPasika. Ngakho-ke umqondo wokususa isono nokuhlanganyela kwakuyingxenye yePasika ngaphakathi KweHlelo LikaNkulunkulu. Kwakuyisiko leSinkwa Esingenamvubkolanga kwathi kamuva iPhentekoste, futhi bekungeke kuthathwe njengento yeviki noma yeSinkwa Sokubonisa ngoba konke ukubaluleka kwaso bekuzolahleka. Izihlatshelo zazibheke kuKristu futhi zingasabheki ezihlatshelweni zangaphambilini lapho iSinkwa Sokubonisa sasiyingxenye yazo.Ngaleyo ndlela isono siyasuswa esikhathini esiholela eSidlweni seNkosi. IPhasika nesinkwa esingenamvubelo kwenziwa kwaba nokwenzeka ngenxa yesihlatshelo sikaKristu njengesihlatshelo sePhasika lapho abethelwa khona. Ubusuku bePhasika (noma Ubusuku Obuzokhunjulwa Kakhulu) bubheka emuva ekukhululweni ebukhobokeni besono futhi bubheke phambili ekuboshweni kweMesiya (bona iphepha Ubusuku Obuzokhunjulwa Kakhulu (No. 101)). Isinkwa esingenamvubelo sibonisa isimo esingenasono esilindele uMoya Oyingcwele. Isipho seNkaba Esephuzi (bona iphepha Isipho seNkaba Esephuzi (No. 106b)) sikhumbula ukukhuphuka nokwamukelwa kukaKristu nguNkulunkulu. IPentekoste, ebaliwe izinsuku ezingamashumi amahlanu kusukela eSipho seNkaba Esephuzi (bona iphepha IPentekoste eSinayi (No. 115)), imele isivuno sokuqala sabakhethiweyo.

Isibani sokuqala seNdebe, esineSinkwa Sobufakazi, sabhekisela eTempileni kanye nezibani eziyishumi, ngokuhlangene, zabhekisela kuKristu, Ezindaweni Eziyisikhombisa Zemibhalo Engcwele kanye naseFakazini Ababili. Ngakho-ke isifanekiso asikwazi ukuhlukaniswa neSabatha noHlelo Lokusindiswa.

Ngakho-ke kunazo izingxenye ezimbili kule nkinga. Asikwazi ukuthatha iShewbread siyibize njengeKomuniyoni ngeSonto futhi silindele ukuthi ibe nencazelo nhlobo. Kumele siqonde konke lokhu njengento eyodwa eqondiswe kuKristu njengeSidlo seNkosi bese kuqhubeka kuya eMkhankasweni Wesinkwa Esingenamvubelo.

Isinkwa Sokubonisa (kanye nezihlatshelo ngokujwayelekile) sasigcinelwe ubuphristi bamaLevi. Nokho, abakhethiweyo bamela ubuphristi obusha – obukaMelkisedeki – obabekelwe futhi bamukelwa kuKristu owayenguMphristi Omkhulu wabo (IHubo 110:4; Hebheru 5:6,10; 6:20; 7:10-21). UMelkisedeki udlala indima yokuxolisa. Umqondo wonke uphinde uhlotshaniswe nemihlatshelo.

UDavide, ongengowakwaLevi, wabonisa ngesenzo sakhe ukuthi kwakubikezela ukunwetshwa kobuphristi kubo bonke ama-Israyeli ngomMesiya. I-Eucharist njengomanyano lwesonto lonke ngaleyo ndlela ixhumene noMthetho weTestamente Elidala weSinkwa Esihlotshisiwe okuyingxenye yomhlatshelo. Asingasho ukuthi umhlatshelo usususiwe kuJesu Kristu bese sithi kuyadingeka ukudla isinkwa (ama-wafer) ekwabelaneni.Umehluko phakathi kobuphristi nabantu kulesi senzo awunangqondo, ngoba lo mehluko, uma wawukho, wawususwa ngokuqinisekile ngesikhathi kususwa ubuphristi bamaLevi. Ubuphristi bukaLevi basuswa, abangamashumi ayisikhombisa baqokwa futhi bamukela uMoya oNgcwele ePentekoste. Kwakhiwa ubuphristi obusha ngokuphelele ngokulandela uhlelo lukaMelkisedeki. Bonke babe ngabapristi futhi bonke bahlanganyela ekunikeleni konke kwesinkwa newayini. Asikwazi ukudla isinkwa kuphela singaphuzi iwayini. AmaRoma Katolika afundisa ukuthi abapristi kuphela abaphuza iwayini. Ama-Anglican Katolika anewayini nesinkwa ndawonye. Ngakho-ke, iKomuni ayiyona ngisho imfundiso evamile emabandleni amakhulu. Asinakuba yingxenye yoMzimba kaKristu ngaphandle kokuphuza igazi lakhe nokudla inyama yakhe.Umehluko wasuswa kuKristu. Yonke le nqubo yayikhomba iPasika yokufa nokuvuka kukaKristu.

Abakhethiweyo kwakufanele badle lesi sinkwa baphuze iwayini njengokukhumbula uKristu futhi njengokuyimfuneko yokuphila okuphakade (Johane 6:53-63). Inqikazi yengxabano-ke yilokho ukuthi lo mkhosi wawenziwa kangaki. Wawuhlotshaniswa nePhasika futhi wawuhlanganisa nomkhosi wokugeza izinyawo (bona Johane 13:3-17 namaphepha ethi Ukubaluleka Kwesinkwa NeWayini (No. 100); Ukubaluleka Kokugeza Izinyawo (No. 099) kanye Nesidlo SeNkosi (No. 103)).

Kuyacaca ukuthi uKristu usebenzisa isifaniso somoya, kodwa ukhuluma ngePhasika. Wabe esechaza ukuthi iwayini nesinkwa zithatha indawo yomzimba negazi lakhe. Asikwazi ukuba nenye ngaphandle kwesinye. Ngakho-ke, umKatolika waseRoma ongathathi iwayini ekwamukeleni iKomuni angeke angene eMbusweni weZulu.

 Inkonzo yokuhlanganyela yamaKatolika ngeke inike noma ubani impilo engapheli ngoba inokuntuleka kwezinto ezimbili, okukodwa kuzo kuwukuthi iwayini liyelwa ngabaphristi kuphela.

Isidlo seNkosi yisikhathi esifanele salesi senzo. Ukugezwa kwezinyawo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yomkhosi futhi kuhambisana nokudla isinkwa nokuphuza iwayini – asikwazi ukuhlukanisa lezi zinto ezintathu. Ngakho-ke i-Eucharist ayisona isakramente seSonto.

Izakramente zeSonto

Iqiniso liwukuthi kunezakramente ezimbili kuphela zeSonto. Lezi yiBhapathizo neSidlo seNkosi.

Isakramente Sokuqala seSonto: Ibhapathizo

UKristu ngempela wayebhapathizwe nguJohane, kanti kungenzeka nabaphostoli babhapathizwe naye (bona Mat. 3:1-17). Nokho, ukubhapathizwa kukaJohane kwakuyokuziphendukela kuphela futhi kwaphindwa nguKristu nabaPhostoli, ababhabhapathiza ngesikhathi esifanayo noJohane, okungukuthi, kuze kube ngemva kwePhasika lika-28 CE (Jn. 3:22-24) lapho-ke uJohane wavalelwa ejele (Mat. 4:12,17). UKristu akazange abhabhapathize yena uqobo (Jn. 4:2).

Ubhabhathizo lukaJohane kwakuwukwethula ubhabhathizo loMoya oNgcwele (IzEnzo 1:5-11). Lokhu akuzange kwenzeke kuze kube uPhentekoste (IzEnzo 2:1-36). Lokhu kusibonisa ukuthi isenzo sobhabhathizo ngokwaso asizange sinikeze uMoya oNgcwele. Isenzo soMoya oNgcwele kwakuyisipho somusa kaNkulunkulu esalandela ukwamukelwa kukaJesu Kristu ezulwini. Abaphostoli babebhapathiziwe isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba bathole uMoya Oyingcwele. Hhayi nje ukuthi babebhapathiziwe kodwa nabo babebhapathiza ngomyalelo kaJesu Kristu futhi babengakawutholi uMoya Oyingcwele. Babebhapathiza belungiselela ukwamukela uMoya Oyingcwele. Ubhapathizo luyisidingo esiyisisekelo sokwamukela uMoya Oyingcwele. Lolu bhabhathizo lwathatha indawo lobu bhabhathizo bukaJohane (Izenzo 19:1-7).

Izenzo 19:1-7 Kwathi-ke lapho u-Apollosi eseseKorinte, uPhawuli edlula emiphethweni ephezulu wafika e-Efesu; wathola abafundi abathile, 2 wathi kubo, "Nithole uMoya oNgcwele selokhu nikholwa?" Bathi kuye, "Asikaze sizwe nokuthi kukhona uMoya oNgcwele." 3 Wathi kubo, "Ngakubani-ke enibhapathizelwe?" Bathi, "Ngokubhapathiza kukaJohane." 4 Wathi uPhawuli, "UJohane wabhabhapathiza ngokubhapathiza kokuziphendukela, wathi ebantwini bamukele lowo ozovela emva kwakhe, yilowo uKristu uJesu." 5 Lapho bezwa lokhu, babhaptizwa egameni leNkosi uJesu. 6 Futhi lapho uPhawuli efake izandla zakhe kubo, uMoya oNgcwele wangena kubo; bakhuluma ngezilimi, baphrofetha. 7 Kwathi bonke amadoda kwaba cishe abayishumi nambili. (KJV)

Babengakabhaptizwa emzimbeni kaJesu Kristu; babebhaptizwe ekuziphendukeleni kukaJohane. Ngakho-ke singabhapathizwa futhi ubhapathizo lwethu lungase lungabi semthethweni. Kumele sibhapathizwe, ngokukhethekile, emzimbeni kaJesu Kristu hhayi kunoma yiliphi iqembu noma umkhakha wenkolo. Ibandla, ngabamele balo, lacela uMoya Oyingcwele wabe esengena kulaba bantu. Lokhu kwadlula umqondo wonke wobhapathizo lukaJohane futhi lolu hlelo lwaba isingeniso sokungena koMoya Oyingcwele kubantu ngabanye.

Lo msebenzi wanikezwa njengomthwalo kubakhethiweyo ukuze benze abafundi kuzo zonke izizwe. Empeleni, lo ngumsebenzi kuphela oqondile noma umyalo onikezwe iSonto.

UMathewu 28:19-20 Ngakho-ke hamba niye kwenza abafundi zonke izizwe, nibabhapathiza egameni likaBaba nendodana noMoya oNgcwele, 20 nibafundise ukugcina konke engikuyalile kini; nansi-ke nginani njalo kuze kube sekupheleni kwezikhathi. (RSV)

Lo msebenzi wokubhapathiza ususelwe ekuziphendukeleni komuntu omdala phambi kukaNkulunkulu. Lokhu kuxoxwa ngakho embhalweni ethi Ukuziphendukela Nokubhapathiza (No. 052).

Ngakho-ke umbhapathizo uyisakramente yokuqala yeSonto, futhi ngaleyo nqubo uMoya Oyingcwele usebenza, kwenziwa abafundi bazo zonke izizwe. Labo bantu abayishumi nambili benziwa abafundi ngoba babeyimisele ukubhaptizwa emzimbeni kaJesu Kristu futhi babeyimisele ukulandela uJesu Kristu, uMoya Oyingcwele wahlonipha ukubizwa kwabo.

Isakramente Sesibili seBandla: Isidlo seNkosi

Isakramente sesibili seBandla yiSidlo seNkosi. Ngaphandle kokuthi abakhethiweyo baphuze igazi futhi badle umzimba kaKristu abakwazi ukungena eMbusweni kaNkulunkulu (Johane 6:53-58). Ngakho-ke iwayini iyisici esingenakushiywa eSidlweni seNkosi kumuntu ngamunye futhi ayinakudluliselwa kwabanye noma ukususwa. Ngakho-ke umqondo we-Eucharist awulungile ngezizathu eziningi. Lezi yilezi:

1. Isinkwa Sokubonisa sihlotshaniswa neSabatha ngakho-ke asithathekeli eSontweni noma kunoma yiliphi elinye usuku.

2. Isinkwa Sokubonisa siyisengxenye yezihlatshelo futhi sikhomba iSidlo seNkosi kanye nobuphristi bokomoya.

3. ISidlo seNkosi sihlotshaniswa nokugeza izinyawo.4. Kokubili isinkwa newayini kumele kudliwe futhi kuphuzwe umhlanganyeli.

5. Isidlo seNkosi sihlotshaniswa nePhasika futhi asikwazi ukudluliselwa ekuPhusheni kwamaPhaganini noma eSabathini yeviki (bona iphepha elithi IPhasika (No. 98)).Lawa ngenhla yizizathu ezinhlanu eziqinile ezisekelwe eBhayibhelini eziphikisa umqondo wonke wokuthi Isidlo seNkosi singadluliselwa kunoma yiluphi usuku, nokuthi i-Eucharist iyayithatha indawo; noma ukuthi Isidlo seNkosi sisebenza njengento ehlukile ngaphandle kweSidlo seNkosi ngesikhathi esifanele, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sePhasika.

Ngakho-ke kunezakramente ezimbili kuphela zeSonto. Ezinye yizinkonzo ezingathathwa noma ezisetshenziswe yiSonto. Ibandla lingashada abantu, lingabaphonsa emathunzi, lingabhekana nesono, lingasola isono noma lingabhekana nezinye izinkinga, kodwa iBandla alinazo izakramente ezingazibeka kunoma ubani ngaphandle kwalezi ezimbili. Lezi ezimbili ziyimfuneko ebalulekile yifa lokuphila okuphakade futhi ngaphandle kwalezi zakramente ezimbili asikwazi ukuba eMbusweni kaNkulunkulu, futhi asikwazi ukubamba iqhaza ekuvukeni kokuqala.

iSonto lamaKatolika aliyiqondi le nto. Yingakho amasonto ezinsukwini zokugcina azoba nenani elikhulu kakhulu labantu abathi uJesu Kristu uyINkosi, kodwa abe nenani elincane kakhulu eMbusweni kaNkulunkulu.q